Перевод: с английского на все языки

со всех языков на английский

the new autumn range

  • 1 range

    range [reɪndʒ]
    portée ⇒ 1 (a) échelle ⇒ 1 (b) gamme ⇒ 1 (c) champ ⇒ 1 (d) étendue ⇒ 1 (d) parcourir ⇒ 2 (a), 3 (b) ranger ⇒ 2 (b), 2 (c) aller de…à ⇒ 3 (a)
    1 noun
    (a) (of missile, sound, transmitter, telescope) portée f; (of vehicle, aircraft) autonomie f;
    ∎ medium-range or intermediate-range missiles missiles mpl à portée intermédiaire;
    ∎ short/medium/long-range aircraft court-/moyen-/long-courrier m;
    ∎ Meteorology short/long-range forecast prévisions fpl météorologiques à court/long terme;
    ∎ at long/short range à longue/courte portée;
    ∎ out of range hors de portée;
    ∎ within (firing) range à portée de tir;
    ∎ to be within hearing range être à portée de voix;
    ∎ it can kill a man at a range of 800 metres ça peut tuer un homme à une distance de 800 mètres;
    ∎ at point blank range à bout portant;
    ∎ range of vision champ m visuel;
    ∎ it gives you some idea of the range of their powers ça vous donne une petite idée de l'étendue de leurs pouvoirs
    (b) (scale → of prices, salaries) échelle f, éventail m; (of instrument, voice) tessiture f;
    ∎ there is a wide range of temperatures in these parts il existe de très grands écarts de température dans ces régions;
    ∎ children in the same age range les enfants dans la même tranche d'âge;
    ∎ beyond one's range (note) hors de son registre;
    ∎ within one's range (note) dans son registre;
    ∎ it's within my price range c'est dans mes prix;
    ∎ what is your price range? quel prix voulez-vous mettre?;
    ∎ Stock Exchange opening/closing range fourchette f de cours d'ouverture/de clôture
    (c) (series, selection → of colours, feelings, products) gamme f; (→ of patterns, sizes) choix m;
    ∎ we stock a wide range of office materials nous avons en stock une large gamme de matériels de bureaux;
    ∎ the new autumn range (of clothes) la nouvelle collection d'automne;
    ∎ this car is (at) the top/bottom of the range cette voiture est le modèle haut/bas de gamme;
    ∎ the coat comes in a wide range of colours/sizes le manteau existe dans une gamme variée de couleurs/un grand choix de tailles;
    ∎ an actor with a wide range of expressions un acteur qui a une gamme d'expressions très variée;
    ∎ we talked on a wide range of topics nous avons discuté de sujets très divers;
    ∎ she has a wide range of interests elle s'intéresse à beaucoup de choses;
    ∎ to experience the full range of emotions passer par toute la gamme des émotions;
    ∎ the range of possibilities is almost infinite l'éventail des possibilités est presque infini
    (d) (scope → of activity) champ m; (→ of knowledge, research) étendue f; (→ of inquiry, investigation) domaine m; Marketing (→ of advertising campaign) rayon m d'action;
    ∎ that is beyond the range of the present inquiry cela ne relève pas de cette enquête;
    ∎ that lies outside the range of my responsibility ça dépasse les limites de ma responsabilité
    (e) (of mountains) chaîne f
    (f) (territory → of animal, plant) habitat m; American (prairie) prairie f
    (g) (for target practice) champ m de tir;
    ∎ missile range champ m de tir de missiles
    (h) (cooker) fourneau m (de cuisine)
    (i) (row, line) rang m, rangée f
    (j) (in surveying) alignement m, direction f
    (a) (roam over) parcourir
    (b) (put in a row or in rows) ranger, mettre ou disposer en rang ou en rangs;
    ∎ the troops ranged themselves in front of the embassy les troupes se rangèrent devant l'ambassade;
    ∎ the desks are ranged in threes les pupitres sont en rangées de trois
    (c) (join, ally) ranger, rallier;
    ∎ to range oneself with sb se ranger du côté de qn; (ideologically) s'aligner sur la position de qn;
    ∎ to range oneself against sb s'opposer à qn;
    ∎ the forces ranged against them les forces ralliées contre eux
    (d) (aim → cannon, telescope) braquer (on sur)
    (e) Typography aligner, justifier;
    ∎ ranged left/right justifié à gauche/à droite
    (f) (classify) classer, ranger
    ∎ to range cattle élever du bétail dans la prairie
    (a) (extend, vary) aller (from…to de…à), varier (from…to entre…et);
    ∎ prices range from £15 to £150 les prix vont de 15 à 150 livres;
    ∎ incomes ranging from £12,000 to £15,000 or between £12,000 and £15,000 revenus de l'ordre de 12 000 à 15 000 livres;
    ∎ their ages range from 5 to 12 or between 5 and 12 ils ont de 5 à 12 ou entre 5 et 12 ans;
    ∎ the quality ranges from mediocre to excellent la qualité varie de médiocre à excellent;
    ∎ the survey ranged over the whole country l'enquête couvrait la totalité du pays;
    ∎ our conversation ranged over a large number of topics nous avons discuté d'un grand nombre de sujets
    ∎ to range over sth parcourir qch;
    ∎ they range over the countryside ils parcourent la campagne;
    ∎ thugs range through the city streets des voyous rôdent dans les rues de la ville;
    ∎ his eyes ranged over the audience il parcourut l'auditoire des yeux
    (c) (gun, missile)
    ∎ to range over avoir une portée de
    ►► Marketing range addition ajout m à la gamme;
    American range cattle bétail m élevé dans la prairie;
    Marketing range stretching extension f de la gamme

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > range

  • 2 range

    rein‹
    1. noun
    1) (a selection or variety: a wide range of books for sale; He has a very wide range of interests.) gama, variedad, surtido
    2) (the distance over which an object can be sent or thrown, sound can be heard etc: What is the range of this missile?; We are within range of / beyond the range of / out of range of their guns.) alcance
    3) (the amount between certain limits: I'm hoping for a salary within the range $30,000 to $34,000; the range of a person's voice between his highest and lowest notes.) escala; orden
    4) (a row or series: a mountain range.) cadena, cordillera
    5) (in the United States, land, usually without fences, on which cattle etc can graze.) dehesa, terreno de pasto
    6) (a place where a person can practise shooting etc; a rifle-range.) campo de tiro
    7) (a large kitchen stove with a flat top.) cocina

    2. verb
    1) (to put in a row or rows: The two armies were ranged on opposite sides of the valley.) aliniar(se), poner(se) en filas
    2) (to vary between certain limits: Weather conditions here range between bad and dreadful / from bad to dreadful.) variar
    3) (to go, move, extend etc: His talk ranged over a number of topics.) extenderse, cubrir
    •
    1. gama
    2. sierra / cordillera / cadena
    3. alcance
    tr[reɪnʤ]
    1 (choice) gama, surtido, variedad nombre femenino; (of products) gama; (of clothes) línea
    ■ this missile has a range of 1,000 miles este misil tiene un alcance de mil millas
    ■ it's out of my price range no está al alcance de mi bolsillo, es demasiado caro para mí
    3 (of mountains) cordillera, sierra
    4 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL (prairie) pradera
    5 (for shooting) campo de tiro
    6 (of voice) registro
    7 (stove) cocina económica
    8 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL (cooker) cocina
    9 (of car, plane) autonomía
    1 variar, oscilar
    ■ they range from... to... van desde... hasta...
    2 (wander) vagar ( over, por)
    1 (arrange) colocar, disponer
    2 (travel) recorrer, viajar por
    range ['reɪnʤ] v, ranged ; ranging vt
    arrange: alinear, ordenar, arreglar
    range vi
    1) roam: deambular
    to range through the town: deambular por el pueblo
    2) extend: extenderse
    the results range widely: los resultados se extienden mucho
    3) vary: variar
    discounts range from 20% to 40%: los descuentos varían entre 20% y 40%
    1) row: fila f, hilera f
    a mountain range: una cordillera
    2) grassland: pradera f, pampa f
    3) stove: cocina f
    4) variety: variedad f, gama f
    5) sphere: ámbito m, esfera f, campo m
    6) reach: registro m (de la voz), alcance m (de un arma de fuego)
    7)
    shooting range : campo m de tiro
    n.
    • alcance (Teléfono) s.m.
    • amplitud s.f.
    • campo s.m.
    • cordillera s.f.
    • escala s.f.
    • esfera s.f.
    • extensión s.f.
    • gama s.f.
    • intervalo s.m.
    • serie s.m.
    • sierra s.f.
    • surtido s.m.
    • ámbito s.m. (From A to Z)
    expr.
    • ir (De A a Z) expr.
    v.
    • extenderse v.
    • ordenar v.
    reɪndʒ
    I
    1)
    a) ( scope) ámbito m, campo m
    b) ( Mus) registro m
    c) ( bracket)

    within/out of our price range — dentro de/fuera de nuestras posibilidades

    2)
    a) ( variety) gama f

    a wide range of colors/prices — una amplia gama or una gran variedad de colores/precios

    b) ( selection) línea f, gama f
    3)
    a) (of gun, telescope, transmitter) alcance m

    at close/long range — de cerca/lejos

    to come/be within (firing) range — ponerse*/estar* a tiro

    b) (of vehicle, missile) autonomía f

    long-range missiles — misiles mpl de largo alcance

    c) ( sight)
    4) ( for shooting) campo m de tiro
    5) ( chain) cadena f

    a mountain range — una cordillera, una cadena de montañas

    6) ( stove) cocina f económica, estufa f (Col, Méx)

    II
    1.

    to range FROM something TO something: their ages range from 12 to 20 tienen entre 12 y 20 años; estimates range up to $20,000 hay presupuestos de hasta 20.000 dólares; the conversation ranged over many topics o ranged widely — la conversación abarcó muchos temas


    2.
    vt
    1) (line up, place) alinear
    2) \<\<plain/hills\>\> recorrer
    [reɪndʒ]
    1. N
    1) [of mountains] cadena f

    a range of mountains — una cadena montañosa or de montañas, una cordillera

    mountain
    2) (=extent)
    age, price 3.
    3) (Mus) [of instrument, voice] registro m
    4) (=selection, variety)
    a) (gen) variedad f

    there was a wide range of opinions — había gran variedad de opiniones, las opiniones variaban mucho

    b) (Comm) (=product line) línea f ; (=selection) gama f, selección f
    product 2.
    5) [of gun, missile] alcance m ; [of plane, ship] autonomía f, radio m de acción; [of car] autonomía f ; [of transmitter] radio m de acción

    within range (of sth/sb) — a tiro (de algo/algn)

    to come within range (of sth/sb) — ponerse a tiro (de algo/algn)

    out of range (of sth/sb) — fuera del alcance (de algo/algn)

    range of vision — campo m visual

    6) (=distance from target) distancia f

    at close range — de cerca, a corta distancia

    at long range — de lejos, a larga distancia

    to find the/one's range — determinar la distancia a la que está el objetivo

    7) (Bot, Zool) [of species] (zona f de) distribución f
    8) (esp US) (Agr) pradera f, pampa f (S. Cone), llano m (esp Ven)
    9) (for shooting) campo m de tiro; rifle II, 1., 1)
    10) (also: kitchen range) fogón m
    2. VT
    1) (=line up, place) (lit) alinear

    ranged left/right — [text] alineado(-a) a la izquierda/derecha

    2) liter (=rove) [+ country] recorrer
    3)

    to range a gun on sth/sb — apuntar un cañón a algo/algn

    3. VI
    1) (=extend) extenderse
    wide-ranging
    2) (=vary within limits)

    prices range from £3 to £9 — los precios varían de 3 a 9 libras, los precios oscilan entre las 3 y las 9 libras

    3) (=wander)
    4) (Bot) darse; (Zool) distribuirse
    5) [gun]
    * * *
    [reɪndʒ]
    I
    1)
    a) ( scope) ámbito m, campo m
    b) ( Mus) registro m
    c) ( bracket)

    within/out of our price range — dentro de/fuera de nuestras posibilidades

    2)
    a) ( variety) gama f

    a wide range of colors/prices — una amplia gama or una gran variedad de colores/precios

    b) ( selection) línea f, gama f
    3)
    a) (of gun, telescope, transmitter) alcance m

    at close/long range — de cerca/lejos

    to come/be within (firing) range — ponerse*/estar* a tiro

    b) (of vehicle, missile) autonomía f

    long-range missiles — misiles mpl de largo alcance

    c) ( sight)
    4) ( for shooting) campo m de tiro
    5) ( chain) cadena f

    a mountain range — una cordillera, una cadena de montañas

    6) ( stove) cocina f económica, estufa f (Col, Méx)

    II
    1.

    to range FROM something TO something: their ages range from 12 to 20 tienen entre 12 y 20 años; estimates range up to $20,000 hay presupuestos de hasta 20.000 dólares; the conversation ranged over many topics o ranged widely — la conversación abarcó muchos temas


    2.
    vt
    1) (line up, place) alinear
    2) \<\<plain/hills\>\> recorrer

    English-spanish dictionary > range

  • 3 range

    {reindʒ}
    I. 1. обсег, обхват
    2. муз. регистър, диапазон
    3. прен. гама
    4. облаcт, сфера, кръг, район/радиус на действие
    облаcт на разпространение на дадено животно/растение, ареал
    RANGE of vision кръгозор, полезрение
    out of someone's RANGE извън нечии интереси/възможности
    5. воен. далекобойност, обсег, разстояние
    at close RANGE от близо, от близко разстояние, на разстояние колкото един изстрел, прен. под ръка
    6. пробег (на самолет, кола и пр.) без ново зареждане
    7. полигон, стрелбище
    8. клас, разряд, серия, поредица, асортимент
    9. прен. слой (обществен и пр.)
    10. редица, ред (от къщи и пр.)
    11. верига (планинска)
    12. мор. створ, направление
    13. пасище
    14. ловен участък
    15. кухненска печка (и електрическа, газова), огнище
    16. мат. граници на вариране/измерване, амплитуда
    II. 1. нареждам/подреждам (в редици), (по) строявам (се) (в редици)
    2. класифицирам, сортирам, подреждам
    3. присъединявам (се)
    to RANGE oneself with someone вземам страната на/присъединявам се към някого
    4. наравно съм
    имам еднакъв чин/ранг (with)
    5. бродя, преброждам, кръстосвам
    странствувам, плавам (over)
    6. прен. блуждая, движа се, минавам, разпростирам се, третирам (за мисли и пр.) (over)
    7. паса (добитък)
    8. бот., зоол. срещам се, разпространен съм, живея (over в)
    9. простирам се, лежа
    10. колебая се в известни предели, варирам (from... to)
    11. прицелвам се, визирам
    12. воен. имам (даден) обсег (за оръдие и пр.), имам (дадена) далекобойност, бия на (дадено разстояние)
    * * *
    {reinj} n 1. обсег, обхват; 2. муз. регистър, диапазон; З. п(2) {reinj} v 1. нареждам/подреждам (в редици); (по)строявам
    * * *
    сфера; сортирам; район; ред; регистър; обхват; област; обсег; планина; простиране; разред; клас; класифицирам; кръг;
    * * *
    1. 1 верига (планинска) 2. 1 воен. имам (даден) обсег (за оръдие и пр.), имам (дадена) далекобойност, бия на (дадено разстояние) 3. 1 кухненска печка (и електрическа, газова), огнище 4. 1 ловен участък 5. 1 мат. граници на вариране/измерване, амплитуда 6. 1 мор. створ, направление 7. 1 пасище 8. 1 прицелвам се, визирам 9. at close range от близо, от близко разстояние, на разстояние колкото един изстрел, прен. под ръка 10. i. обсег, обхват 11. ii. нареждам/подреждам (в редици), (по) строявам (се) (в редици) 12. out of someone's range извън нечии интереси/възможности 13. range of vision кръгозор, полезрение 14. to range oneself with someone вземам страната на/присъединявам се към някого 15. бот., зоол. срещам се, разпространен съм, живея (over в) 16. бродя, преброждам, кръстосвам 17. воен. далекобойност, обсег, разстояние 18. имам еднакъв чин/ранг (with) 19. клас, разряд, серия, поредица, асортимент 20. класифицирам, сортирам, подреждам 21. колебая се в известни предели, варирам (from... to) 22. муз. регистър, диапазон 23. наравно съм 24. облаcт на разпространение на дадено животно/растение, ареал 25. облаcт, сфера, кръг, район/радиус на действие 26. паса (добитък) 27. полигон, стрелбище 28. прен. блуждая, движа се, минавам, разпростирам се, третирам (за мисли и пр.) (over) 29. прен. гама 30. прен. слой (обществен и пр.) 31. присъединявам (се) 32. пробег (на самолет, кола и пр.) без ново зареждане 33. простирам се, лежа 34. редица, ред (от къщи и пр.) 35. странствувам, плавам (over)
    * * *
    range[reindʒ] I. n 1. обсег, обхват; тех. граница; интервал; амплитуда; муз. регистър, диапазон; прен. гама; a \range of values набор от ценности, ценностна система; 2. област, сфера, кръг; район (радиус) на действие; out of s.o.'s \range извън нечии интереси; 3. редица, ред (къщи и пр.); верига ( планини); прен. сбирка, колекция; the new autumn \range новата есенна колекция; 4. клас, разред; серия, поредица; асортимент; a wide \range of articles богат (разнообразен) асортимент; 5. стрелбище; полигон; 6. воен. далекобойност, обсег; радиус на действие; разстояние; at close \range отблизо, от близко разстояние; within \range на един изстрел; прен. под ръка; 7. тех. створ, права линия; рядко направление; 8. ам. пасбище; 9. ловен участък; 10. кухненска печка (и kitchen-\range); II. v 1. строявам (се), построявам (се) в редица; 2. класифицирам, сортирам, подреждам, нареждам; 3. наравно съм с; имам еднакъв чин (ранг) с; числя се към ( with); 4. поет. бродя; преброждам; странствам ( over); 5. прен. засягам, третирам, покривам ( over); 6. паса ( добитък); 7. зоол., бот. срещам се, съществувам, явявам се ( over); 8. простирам се, лежа ( from - to); 9. колебая се в известни предели, варирам ( within, between; from - to); 10. прицелвам се, визирам; 11. съм на разстояние от, отстоя на; 12. воен. бия на, имам далекобойност (район на действие); 13. печ. подравнявам, успоредявам.

    English-Bulgarian dictionary > range

  • 4 near cash

    !
    гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.
    The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
    "
    consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
    " "
    the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
    " "
    strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
    "
    the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.
    The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
    "
    the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
    "
    the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.
    Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.
    Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)
    "
    Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
    "
    Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.
    More information about DEL and AME is set out below.
    In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.
    Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.
    Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.
    There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.
    AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.
    AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.
    AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.
    Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.
    Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.
    Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
    "
    Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
    "
    Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
    "
    Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
    "
    The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.
    The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.
    The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.
    Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.
    The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
    "
    provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
    " "
    enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
    " "
    introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
    "
    not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.
    To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.
    A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
    "
    an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
    " "
    an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
    " "
    to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
    "
    further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.
    The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.
    Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.
    The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.
    Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.
    To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.
    This document was updated on 19 December 2005.
    Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    "
    GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
    "
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.
    ————————————————————————————————————————

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash

См. также в других словарях:

  • New England (New South Wales) — New England New South Wales Mount Duval in New England Population …   Wikipedia

  • New South Wales — a state in SE Australia. 5,126,217; 309,433 sq. mi. (801,430 sq. km). Cap.: Sydney. * * * State (pop., 2001: 6,609,304), southeastern Australia. Bounded by Queensland, the Pacific Ocean, Victoria, and South Australia, it has an area of 309,130 sq …   Universalium

  • New Series Adventures — The New Series Adventures are a series of novels relating to the long running BBC science fiction television series, Doctor Who. The NSAs , as they are often referred to, are published by BBC Books, and are regularly published in the spring and… …   Wikipedia

  • New Series Adventures (Doctor Who) — The New Series Adventures are a series of spin off novels based on the long running BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who and published under the BBC Books imprint. The range of books does not have an official name. Fans use the term… …   Wikipedia

  • The Masters Apprentices — Origin Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Genres R B, pop/rock, psychedelic/progressive Years active 1965–1972, 1987–1991, 1994–1995, 1997, 2001–2002 …   Wikipedia

  • The United States of America —     The United States of America     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► The United States of America     BOUNDARIES AND AREA     On the east the boundary is formed by the St. Croix River and an arbitrary line to the St. John, and on the north by the… …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • New Zealand Pigeon — On Kapiti Island, New Zealand Conservation status …   Wikipedia

  • The Catlins — (sometimes referred to as The Catlins Coast) comprises an area in the southeastern corner of the South Island of New Zealand. The area lies between Balclutha and Invercargill, straddling the boundary between the Otago and Southland regions. It… …   Wikipedia

  • New Hampshire — • The most northerly of the thirteen original states of the United States Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. New Hampshire     New Hampshire      …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • The Den (defunct stadium) — The Den The Den Location New Cross, London, England, SE14 5RH Built …   Wikipedia

  • New Guinea Singing Dog — Conservation status …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»